Music in Ancient Arabia and Spain by Ribera Julian

Author:Ribera, Julian [Ribera, Julian]
Language: eng
Format: azw3, epub
Publisher: Read Books Ltd.
Published: 2013-04-15T16:00:00+00:00

1 In Ibn Hayan’s account of the teachings of Ziryab, Oriental technicalities appear. In Tekmila, by Ibn Al-Abar, there is a story of a slave-girl, named Hind, belonging to Abdu-l-lah bin Moslema of Játiva, who was a scholar and a poet. She was invited by Abu Amir bin Yaneka to his house to play some first takils.

The various rhythmic types, takil, ramel, hezej, and makhuri, are mentioned in MS 538 in the Escorial Library, among the risalas (literary epistles) written by Spanish Moslems to refute Abu Amir bin García, who wrote to show the superiority of the non-Arabic peoples over the Arabic (folio 50). Other types also are mentioned, but unfortunately not described.

See also Tauk Al-Hamama, page 29.

2 Scriptorum Arabum loci de Abbadidis, I, page 388. There were both men and women cup-bearers. Al-Makkari (II, page 109) describes a lovely spot in the province of Malaga where the guests were accustomed to drink during the sessions of singing, dancing, and instrumental music.

3 Ibn Ar-Rakik in Al-Makkari, I, page 119.

4 Al-Makkari, II, page 516. Khusrawani was a Persian poet of the tenth and eleventh centuries. (See Picci, Storia persiana, I, page 71.)

5 Ibn Adhdhari, II, page 158.

6 The name of this poet is found with different spellings in the old MSS, as well as in later studies. Dozy, in his Histoire (II, page 296), calls him Micdam (citing Al-Makkari, II, page 361). In the Oxford MS of Ibn Hayan, folio 48, obv., it is written Macum. But in other passages of the same he gives the correct form, as does Adabi, Biography 1386; Dozy, Notices, page 85, et cetera.

7 See my Discurso, written on becoming a member of the Royal Academy of History, page 12.

8 Dozy, Histoire, I, page 181.

9 Ibn Hayan (Oxford), folios 13 and 14, obv.

10 Dozy, Histoire, I, page 182.

11 Ibn Hayan (Oxford), folios 16 and 17; Ibn Al-Kutya, page 89.

12 Ibn Hayan, folio 12, obv.

13 Dozy, Histoire, I, page 183.

14 Ibn Hayan, folios 17, rev., and 11, obv.

15 Idem, folio 68, obv. and rev.

16 Dozy, Histoire, I, pages 181 and 190. At the end of his life he became a Christian.

17 After Abdu’r-Rahman III reconstructed the Empire there remained a residue of protest which resolved itself into a party that was merely literary and academic, that of the Shu‘ubites, who supported the theory of the inferiority of the Arab race to European or Aryan races. It appears that the first to formulate these ideas was Ibn Al-Hasar, Cadi of the Banu Hammud, who died in 422 of the Hegira (1030 A.D.). The most famous Shu‘ubite was Ibn García, a Basque, who became a Moslem and wrote a famous literary letter against the Arabs, which made a great impression in Spain. Many and famous writers dedicated themselves to refuting it (Ibn Said, MS 53, folios 43 and 73; Ibn Khair, page 419; Ibn Said, MS 80, folios 11, 12, etc.).

18 Ibn Hayan (Oxford), folios 7 to 24.

19 In this period the historians give many accounts of the construction of castles and fortifications; Montesacro (Ibn Hayan, folio 45, rev.

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